quinta-feira, 12 de abril de 2007

Sobre a NASA e Lisa Nowak

No dia em que foram divulgados mais pormenores, infelizes, sobre o caso de Lisa Nowak (ver abaixo), li no site do Orlando Sentinel um comentário escrito por um veterano do Exército dos EUA, onde fala sobre o seu 'amor' à NASA e ao programa espacial.

São palavras inspiradas e lúcidas sobre o que o programa espacial tem de bom, e sobre o que o 'olho público', em geral, tem de mau.

Fonte: Orlando Sentinel


Trying to rekindle love affair with NASA
Americans take the space program for granted.

Steven Alvarez | Special to the Sentinel
Posted April 12, 2007

When I was a boy in New York, I was fascinated by astronauts. As NASA launched rocket after rocket into space, I collected newspaper clippings and looked at them by the glow of a flashlight, imagining myself drifting in space as I drifted off to sleep.

After my first visit to the Kennedy Space Center, I started to collect mission patches, and I couldn't get enough of the space program. While most kids wanted to go to Disney World, I wanted to go to KSC.

We moved to Florida, and while I was in high school, a couple of buddies and I drove to see a shuttle launch in 1982. As Columbia stood perched on the pad in the distance, I could feel my soul tingling. When she lifted off, everyone cheered and old men next to us were filled with a youthful energy that sprang them out of their seats. "Go, baby, go!" they yelled. I looked at my two friends and both stood with their mouths agape as Columbia's thunderous roar enveloped us and rattled our car.

I've not lost my love for the space program, although I admit that with kids and careers, the program has not gotten my full attention for some time. But that's just an excuse, and I've been trying to rekindle my love affair with NASA. While the "Astronaut Love Scandal" was featured on the front page of the Sentinel again Wednesday, the real news was on Page A3, headlined, "Repairs Delay Next Shuttle Liftoff Until at Least June."

Lançamento do STS-121 em 4 de Julho de 2006,
missão em que vôou Lisa Nowak.

As I contemplated the latest delay, I couldn't help but think back to July 4, 2006, as we wrapped up a lazy day in our pool, and the news was on television. Our kids were napping, and I watched as Discovery lifted off. I hustled my wife outside since she had never seen a shuttle launch.

Outside, I pointed to the east, and Discovery came out from behind the rooftops, ascending hurriedly toward space. "Oh, my God!" was all my wife could say as the rockets burned brightly and faded into the summer sky.

Months later, NASA was on television news again, only this time it was about U.S. Navy Capt. Lisa Nowak, the astronaut who had fallen from grace. I came to realize that as we watched Discovery that July day, we had watched Nowak's best moment: the culmination of her life's work.

The mother of three graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1985, later earning a graduate degree at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School. She logged more than 1,500 hours in 30 aircraft.

For months, we have been seeing Nowak's worst moment. Prosecutors charged her with attempted kidnapping with intent to inflict bodily harm, burglary, assault using a weapon and battery for trying to kidnap a woman at the Orlando airport.

Nowak's newsworthiness shows that the American public loves tragedy. When people of Nowak's caliber fall, the public voraciously gobbles it up because the fall for a seemingly perfect overachiever is that much farther.

Before her arrest in February, most Americans didn't know Lisa Nowak, despite the fact she had orbited the Earth for 13 days and helped others do the same for more than a decade. Even after her arrest many Americans still don't recognize her name, but ask any man, woman and child who Tiger Woods is, and they can tell you. Ask any person to name one current astronaut and see what reply you get.

My heroes have always been space cowboys, true frontiersmen who strap themselves in and ride furious rockets that buck them into space. Americans take the space program for granted. We have become so complacent that we've lost our sense of adventure. We're disconnected with the American spirit that brought many of our forefathers from lands far away to explore a new world. The space program is the American spirit incarnate -- it has boundless curiosity and excitement as it explores the last frontier.

But the other tragedy of the Nowak case is that, sadly, most Americans notice the space program only when there is an accident to showcase or when one of its stars has its wings clipped and falls from the celestial legion. Americans choose to see these fearless, brilliant people only when they're at their worst, ignoring their amazing feats as they cross earthly boundaries.

Last December, we watched Discovery lift off on television. I told my family to follow me outside, and we ran to our backyard patio. The clouds in the sky were ablaze in fiery orange and red as the shuttle came out from behind the Maitland tree line. The rocket flames illuminated the landscape and rooftops for miles around us.

I glanced up at my son, who was on my shoulders, and it was like looking at my buddies 25 years ago. He stared toward the heavens, mouth open, and summed up the emotion of the moment simply by saying, "Whoa, cool."

I stared wide-eyed and said the only thing that came to mind: "Go, baby, go!"

When the next launch of the shuttle finally rolls around -- whatever its date -- you can be sure the same words will be on my lips again.

Steven Alvarez is an Operation Iraqi Freedom veteran who lives in Maitland. He wrote this commentary for the Orlando Sentinel.


Abaixo, as imagens de todos os objectos encontrados no carro de Lisa Nowak. Na minha opinião não faz grande sentido, nem é justo, estar a divulgar provas de um processo-crime ainda antes do julgamento, até porque todos somos inocentes perante a Lei, até julgamento em contrário. Não é assim que Lisa Nowak está a ser tratada. Culpada ou não - e neste momento, por definição, é inocente - estes objectos deveriam ser guardados como pessoais. Em caso de juízo de culpa, então sim concordaria, em princípio, com a divulgação de provas.

Mas talvez seja esta a idéia de transparência que há nos EUA.

Na realidade está a decorrer um linchamento público da ex-astronauta.








Aterragem da primeira missão do Space-Shuttle Columbia


Estamos a poucos anos do fim da vida dos magníficos Space Shuttles. Por ordem presidencial, os vôos do Shuttle deverão acabar em 2010, e toda a frota será retirada do serviço, para ser substituída por um sistema completamente não-inovador e sem inspiração.

Neste momento é bom recordar a promessa dos primeiros dias, em que ainda se pensava que seria possível fazer mais de 40 vôos por ano! Foram dias magníficos, e esta aterragem no deserto, na base aérea de Edwards, é fantástica. Os aviões T-38 que acompanhavam o Shuttle na fase final do vôo estavam lá para observar o comportamento da (então e ainda hoje) inovadora máquina e orientar John Young, o comandante da primeira missão do Shuttle, durante a aterragem. Além de Young, voava Robert Crippen como piloto.

Recordo-me bem desta primeira aterragem. Vi-a em directo na televisão, ainda a preto-e-branco. Estávamos em 1981, e as emissões a cores tinham começado ainda há poucos meses. O meu pai ainda não tinha comprado um televisor a cores (eu tinha 15 aninhos na altura). Só vi uma missão do Shuttle a cores poucos meses depois, na segunda missão em Novembro. Faltei às aulas pela primeira vez na vida para ver esse 2º lançamento! :)

E ainda tenho as cassettes, áudio, claro, ainda não tinha vídeo, com as gravações destes eventos históricos. (Só tive um vídeo no ano seguinte, no fim de 1982, um bom e velho Sony C7, Betamax, que ainda funciona!!!)

Porcos no Espaço - O Turismo Espacial como extravagância dos Hiper-Ricos

Um excelente artigo no Yahoo News sobre a viagem de Charles Simonyi à Estação Espacial Internacional - ISS - e sobre a forma como o turismo espacial se está a tornar na última moda extravagante dos hiper-ricos.

Fonte: Yahoo News


Pigs in Space

The Nation
Sat Apr 7, 6:09 PM ET

The Nation -- Is there a more perfect symbol of the excesses of global capitalism than Charles Simonyi's 13-day joyride into outer space? Simonyi, a Hungarian-American software programmer who made his fortune at Xerox and Microsoft before launching his own start-up, paid $20 million to be escorted to the Kazakh steppes, packed into a Russian Soyuz rocket and blasted towards the international space station. En route, he'll enjoy a meal of roasted quail, duck breast confit with capers, shredded chicken parmentier and rice pudding with candied fruit -- all carefully selected by his girlfriend, Martha Stewart. (Martha, whatever happened to astronaut ice cream and Tang?) No word yet on the threadcount of his sheets or if there's 24-hour concierge service in orbit.

The whole saga is Dickens for the new millennium, but without the other half. So it's up to us scolds at The Nation to point out the obvious. Simonyi might have spent his money fighting AIDS, or building housing for Hurricane Katrina survivors, or providing clean water to developing nations, or mosquito netting and medicine for malaria patients, or musical instruments for needy, photogenic, musically-gifted inner city school children or...well, depressingly, the list goes on and on. But picking on the follies of the rich is easy, and in this case, not particularly fun. Just think of the carbon footprint a Soyuz rocket leaves!

Piiiiiiiiigs in Spaaaaaaaace!!!!!!!!!!!!
Clique para aumentar.

But the next time the bards of capitalism sing the praises of Warren Buffett, Bill Gates and the outstanding generosity of the mega-rich in the age of extreme wealth (and extreme poverty), I'll trot out Charles Simonyi's space odyssey as counter-example.

Indeed, Simonyi's spending habits are a window into how the world's wealthiest citizens consume and contribute. Worth about $1 billion, Simonyi's no Scrooge McDuck. He's endowed a chair at Oxford and funded the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton. In 2003, Simonyi finished 23rd in the Slate 60, the annual ranking of largest American charitable contributions, when he gave $47 million to start the Charles Simonyi Fund for Arts and Sciences. But for each act of noblesse oblige, there's an extravagance. In Simonyi's case, not only is he the 5th space tourist ever, he also owns the world's 39th largest yacht, which is so big that one could, as Power and Motoryacht Magazine tell us, "easily mistake her for a military vessel."

Simonyi's 2003 donation represents less than 5 percent of his net worth. According to Gregg Easterbrook's survey of billionaire philanthropy, this puts Simonyi well behind Buffett, who donated the vast majority of his fortune, and Bill Gates, who's given away about 1/3 of his. But Simonyi fares better in comparison to most billionaires, who on average contribute slightly more than 1 percent of their net worth. As Easterbrook points out, that rate is only marginally better than Americans as a whole, who annually give away about 0.5 percent of their net worth. And it pales in comparison to the 78 percent that Andrew Carnegie gave away in his lifetime.

As the philosopher Peter Singer pointed out in an article for the New York Times, if the rich and superrich gave away at morally responsible and entirely reasonable rates (say, 33 percent of earnings for those in the top .01 percent and sliding downward), wealthy Americans could generate $808 billion annually for global development -- six times more than what the UN estimates it needs to meet its Millennium Development Goals and 16 times more than the shortfall between what's needed and what donor nations currently contribute.

But that might mean giving up duck confit in outer space.

Bill Gates pretende ir ao Espaço!

Depois de Charles Simonyi, neste momento a divertir-se a bordo da Estação Espacial Internacional (ISS), parece que o bichinho das viagens orbitais pegou na Microsoft, e Bill Gates já terá comentado sobre o seu desejo de ir 'passear' à ISS.

Embora haja muita gente que se oponha, com excelentes motivos, a este tipo de utilização para fins turísticos da ISS, incluindo a NASA e eu próprio, creio que uma deslocação de Bill Gates à ISS poderia servir excelentes propósitos, se bem aproveitada.

Bill Gates, com a notoriedade que decorre de ser o homem mais rico do Mundo, poderá chamar a atenção para vários problemas - os crónicos cortes orçamentais nos programas de exploração espacial e a falta de interesse generalizada no público americano pela exploração espacial e pela Ciência em geral.

Também poderá servir como estímulo ao investimento privado, uma vez que, como sabemos, os 'ricos' passam a vida a exibir-se uns aos outros, e a moda dos vôos espaciais iria pegar entre os hiper-ricos, criando assim excelentes oportunidades de negócio nesta área.

Fonte:
New Scientist Space

Links:

Is Bill Gates planning a trip to space?

* 17:32 11 April 2007
* NewScientist.com news service
* New Scientist Space and AFP

The world's richest man, Bill Gates, is considering a possible flight into space, a Russian cosmonaut said from the International Space Station on Wednesday, citing Gate's colleague, current space tourist Charles Simonyi.

"Charles said that Bill Gates is also preparing to visit space," cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin told journalists during a video link-up from the space station, which was broadcast on state television Rossiya. "So the next time someone will be with Bill Gates. For me this is the biggest surprise of our flight."

Space Adventures, the US-based company that organises the orbital trips, said it had heard nothing from Gates about a possible flight. "Space Adventures has had no contact with Bill Gates," spokeswoman Natalya Dedovets said.

Meanwhile, a spokesman for the Russian space agency, Igor Panarin, said Gates "visited us several months ago at the cosmonaut training centre at Star City" near Moscow.
Nothing official

"However, for now there are no negotiations on taking part in a tourist flight. We have not had any official request from Mr Gates," he said. "But if Mr Gates expressed interest, we would help him."

The first slot for a potential Gates flight would be in 2009, he said.

Simonyi, Yurchikhin and fellow cosmonaut Oleg Kotov docked at the International Space Station on Monday, after a flight that cost the former Microsoft engineer $25 million.

Simonyi is scheduled to return to Earth on April 20 with current ISS crew members Mikhail Tyurin and Miguel Lopez-Alegria. The two Russian cosmonauts will stay on for a 190-day shift in orbit.

Simonyi, who made his fortune at Microsoft, is the fifth tourist to travel to the ISS, following US citizens Dennis Tito in 2001 and Greg Olsen in 2005, South Africa's Mark Shuttleworth in 2002, and a US citizen of Iranian origin, Anousheh Ansari in 2006.

Space Adventures plans to expand its offerings next year to include a $100 million trip around the Moon and a $100,000 budget option: 5 minutes of sub-orbital space flight.

quarta-feira, 11 de abril de 2007

Dimensões de todos os objectos no Sistema Solar (com diâmetros maiores do que 200 milhas)

Este site (espetacular) mostra-nos uma imagem, gigantesca, em que são comparados os diâmetros de todos os objectos do Sistema Solar, desde que tenham mais de 200 milhas de diâmetro (cerca de 322 Kms).

A imagem é muito grande, mas pode-se deslizar para a direita (ou esquerda) para ver os objectos sucessivamente menores (ou maiores).

terça-feira, 10 de abril de 2007

Fotógrafo português 'distinguido' com foto sua no 'Astronomy Picture of the Day'!


O seu nome é Miguel Claro, e teve a sua foto espetacular da Lua e de Vénus sobre a Ponte 25 de Abril publicada no site Astronomy Picture of the Day no dia 24 de Março de 2007.

É realmente magnífica a foto. Os meus parabéns!

Ronald Reagan e o Challenger; George Bush e o Columbia. As Diferenças.

Recentemente lembrei-me do discurso do ex-Presidente dos EUA Ronald Reagan após a tragédia do Space Shuttle Challenger. Ocorreu-me quão diferente tinha sido do discurso de George Bush quando o Columbia se desintegrou na alta atmosfera, quando regressava à Terra.

Acho interessante comparar os dois discursos. As diferenças na América da década de 80 e na de hoje ficam estranhamente claras... A atitude construtiva, e direi mesmo corajosa e optimista no futuro de Reagan, com um discurso extremamente expressivo, é substituída por uma atitude de fatalismo e de vazio de Bush, no seu discurso curto e lacónico.

George Bush: Eles morreram. Não há nada a fazer. Rezemos e leiamos a Bíblia.

My fellow Americans, this day has brought terrible news and great sadness to our country. At nine o'clock this morning, Mission Control in Houston lost contact with our Space Shuttle Columbia. A short time later, debris was seen falling from the skies above Texas. The Columbia is lost; there are no survivors.

On board was a crew of seven: Colonel Rick Husband; Lt. Colonel Michael Anderson; Commander Laurel Clark; Captain David Brown; Commander William McCool; Dr. Kalpana Chawla; and Ilan Ramon, a Colonel in the Israeli Air Force. These men and women assumed great risk in the service to all humanity.

In an age when space flight has come to seem almost routine, it is easy to overlook the dangers of travel by rocket, and the difficulties of navigating the fierce outer atmosphere of the Earth. These astronauts knew the dangers, and they faced them willingly, knowing they had a high and noble purpose in life. Because of their courage, and daring, and idealism, we will miss them all the more.

All Americans today are thinking, as well, of the families of these men and women who have been given this sudden shock and grief. You're not alone. Our entire nation grieves with you. And those you loved will always have the respect and gratitude of this country. The cause in which they died will continue. Mankind is led into the darkness beyond our world by the inspiration of discovery and the longing to understand.

Our journey into space will go on.

In the skies today we saw destruction and tragedy. Yet farther than we can see, there is comfort and hope. In the words of the prophet Isaiah, "Lift your eyes and look to the heavens. Who created all these? He who brings out the starry hosts one by one and calls them each by name. Because of His great power, and mighty strength, not one of them is missing."

The same Creator who names the stars also knows the names of the seven souls we mourn today. The crew of the shuttle Columbia did not return safely to Earth; yet we can pray that all are safely home.

May God bless the grieving families. And may God continue to bless America.



Ronald Reagan: Fomos surpreendidos. Hoje choramos os nossos mortos. Amanhã iremos honrá-los, continuando o seu trabalho. Nada acaba aqui!

Ladies and Gentlemen, I'd planned to speak to you tonight to report on the state of the Union, but the events of earlier today have led me to change those plans. Today is a day for mourning and remembering. Nancy and I are pained to the core by the tragedy of the shuttle Challenger. We know we share this pain with all of the people of our country. This is truly a national loss.

Nineteen years ago, almost to the day, we lost three astronauts in a terrible accident on the ground. But we've never lost an astronaut in flight. We've never had a tragedy like this. And perhaps we've forgotten the courage it took for the crew of the shuttle. But they, the Challenger Seven, were aware of the dangers, but overcame them and did their jobs brilliantly. We mourn seven heroes: Michael Smith, Dick Scobee, Judith Resnik, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Gregory Jarvis, and Christa McAuliffe. We mourn their loss as a nation together.

For the families of the seven, we cannot bear, as you do, the full impact of this tragedy. But we feel the loss, and we're thinking about you so very much. Your loved ones were daring and brave, and they had that special grace, that special spirit that says, "Give me a challenge, and I'll meet it with joy." They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths. They wished to serve, and they did. They served all of us.

We've grown used to wonders in this century. It's hard to dazzle us. But for twenty-five years the United States space program has been doing just that. We've grown used to the idea of space, and, perhaps we forget that we've only just begun. We're still pioneers. They, the members of the Challenger crew, were pioneers.

And I want to say something to the schoolchildren of America who were watching the live coverage of the shuttle's take-off. I know it's hard to understand, but sometimes painful things like this happen. It's all part of the process of exploration and discovery. It's all part of taking a chance and expanding man's horizons. The future doesn't belong to the fainthearted; it belongs to the brave. The Challenger crew was pulling us into the future, and we'll continue to follow them.

I've always had great faith in and respect for our space program. And what happened today does nothing to diminish it. We don't hide our space program. We don't keep secrets and cover things up. We do it all up front and in public. That's the way freedom is, and we wouldn't change it for a minute.

We'll continue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space. Nothing ends here; our hopes and our journeys continue.

I want to add that I wish I could talk to every man and woman who works for NASA, or who worked on this mission and tell them: "Your dedication and professionalism have moved and impressed us for decades. And we know of your anguish. We share it."

There's a coincidence today. On this day three hundred and ninety years ago, the great explorer Sir Francis Drake died aboard ship off the coast of Panama. In his lifetime the great frontiers were the oceans, and a historian later said, "He lived by the sea, died on it, and was buried in it." Well, today, we can say of the Challenger crew: Their dedication was, like Drake's, complete.

The crew of the space shuttle Challenger honored us by the manner in which they lived their lives. We will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for their journey and waved goodbye and "slipped the surly bonds of earth" to "touch the face of God."

Thank you.

As partes que realcei nos dois discursos dispensam mais comentários. Sempre duvidei da 'Iniciativa para a Exploração do Espaço' de Bush, apresentada há poucos anos. O seu discurso lacónico e breve faz-me duvidar ainda mais da sua honestidade. Faço votos para que a América volte a ser o que já foi, e que o seu Programa Espacial volte a ganhar coragem e volte a olhar para a frente, em vez de tentar repetir sucessos passados.

Links:

quarta-feira, 4 de abril de 2007

Um anel de Saturno criado por uma das suas luas

Mais uma foto espetacular da sonda Cassini. Há alguns meses descobriu-se que da lua Encélado surgiam 'geisers' de água líquida. Agora, a Cassini fotografou um anel de Saturno, provávelmente constituido quase por inteiro por partículas de gelo de água proveniente dessa lua.

Fonte: Astronomy Picture Of the Day

terça-feira, 3 de abril de 2007

A Escala do Universo

Um site espetacular, em Flash, que nos mostra uma comparação do tamanho de tudo o que há no Universo, desde as maiores galáxias, ou mesmo o Universo inteiro, às bactérias ou aos átomos.

Chama-se Universcale, e está muitíssimo bem conseguido. A música, em particular, é excelente a colocar-nos num estado de espírito capaz de apreciar a beleza deste universo imenso, e que apesar de nos parecer familiar, se calhar não é. O texto está à altura.

Carl Sagan pode já ter falecido, mas continua bem vivo, um pouco em cada um de nós, e sobretudo no espírito de quem é capaz de fazer coisas destas!

Altamente recomendado!
Universcale

Fonte: Crave

Uma pequena nota - é necessário um monitor com uma resolução razoável para tirar o melhor partido deste site. Se possível um monitor de 19", com uma resolução de 1280 x 1024 pixeis.

segunda-feira, 2 de abril de 2007

Como destruír a Terra

Se tivermos em conta a relativa estabilidade e segurança da nossa vida do dia-a-dia, a Terra parece um sítio seguro para se viver. De tal forma que quando se fala num meteoro que possa caír daqui a 30 anos, todos nos rimos e pensamos que é só ficção científica.

Na realidade não é bem assim. O Universo é um sítio perigoso, e pouco hospitaleiro para formas de vida como nós. A qualquer momento podemos ser atingidos por um asteróide, ou pode rebentar uma estrela com uma poderosíssima emissão de raios gama perto da Terra, ou poderá passar um buraco negro - práticamente indetectável por natureza - perto do Sol... Há inúmeras maneiras de acabar com o nosso modo de vida.

Um site na Internet, constantemente actualizado, debate as diversas formas de destruír o nosso planeta.

É um site ao qual recomendo uma visita, nem que seja para que possa saír à rua, respirar bem fundo, e agradecer mais um dia de vida nesta Terra linda, que nos ocupamos em grande azáfama em... destruír...

O que me faz pensar... se calhar o melhor a fazer é não fazer nada e deixar tudo andar com está...

KSC